Toh 1-2 — The Chapter on the Restoration Rite

Tīrthika

The Blessed Buddha was staying at the Kalandakanivāpa in the Bamboo Grove near Rājagṛha when a great number of lay vow holders from Rājagṛha, who endeavored to see and pay their respects to the Blessed One every morning,^[3] thought, “The Blessed One has withdrawn into seclusion, as have the dedicated monks, so it is still too early for a visit to see and pay our respects to the Blessed One. Therefore, let us visit the park of another group of wandering mendicant tīrthikas.”

With that, the great number of lay vow holders from Rājagṛha F.131.b set out for the park of another group of wandering mendicant tīrthikas. They were delighted to see the wandering mendicant tīrthikas together and, after various expressions of esteem, sat off to one side. One wandering mendicant then said to the other wandering mendicants, “Friends, are we the only ones with a seated practice, a protocol, and a restoration rite? Or do the ascetic sons of the Śākyan have them, too?”

Another wandering mendicant replied, saying to the other wandering mendicants, “Friends, we alone have a seated practice, a protocol, and a restoration rite. The ascetic sons of the Śākyan do not have them.”

The Motion

The great number of lay vow holders from Rājagṛha neither praised what the other group of wandering mendicant tīrthikas had said nor did they repudiate it. Having neither praised nor repudiated it, they then rose from their seats and went to the Blessed One. On reaching him, they bowed at his feet and sat off to one side. Having sat off to one side, these lay vow holders from Rājagṛha related at length everything that had happened while among the other group of wandering mendicant tīrthikas and then appealed to the Blessed One: “O Blessed One! Out of compassion, please establish a seated practice, a protocol, and a restoration rite of our own.”

Consent

By remaining silent, the Blessed One consented to the appeal made by the great number of lay vow holders from Rājagṛha. Understanding the Blessed One’s silence to be consent, the great number of lay vow holders from Rājagṛha praised and rejoiced in the Blessed One’s proclamation before taking their leave from his presence. F.132.a

Seated Practice

The Blessed One then said to the monks, “I hereby declare that henceforth monks should attend to a seated practice, a protocol, and a restoration rite.”

Not knowing what a seated practice, a protocol, or a restoration rite ought to be, the monks appealed to the Blessed One, who replied, “Come, monks. The seated practice is called yoga.^[4] Reflect on this: no matter how you sit or what you do, the whole of this body, from the soles of the feet up to the hair on the crown and all the skin in between, is filled with all sorts of impurities—the hair on the head and face,^[5] the nails and teeth, the dirt, the grime, and the skin, flesh, bones, sinews, veins, kidneys, heart, spleen, lungs, intestines, colon, stomach, guts, bladder, liver, feces, tears, mucus, oils,^[6] lymph, marrow, fat, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, brains, meninges, and urine.”

Meditation Residence

After the Blessed One instructed them to engage in yoga, the monks engaged in yoga even when out on their rounds.^[7] And when they did, they collided with wandering elephants, horses, and infantrymen,^[8] causing them to trip and fall, prompting those who lacked faith to taunt those noble ones: “Didn’t you see them?”

Told to engage in yoga, the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, F.132.b “Those who are out on their rounds should not engage in yoga.”

When they engaged in yoga at the monastery gatehouse, they fell asleep, prompting those who lacked faith to taunt those noble ones: “Hey you! Is it your practice to sleep in public?”^[9]

At this the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “You should not engage in yoga at the gatehouse.”

When they engaged in yoga on the terrace^[10] and those same problems occurred, the Blessed One said, “You should not engage in yoga on the terrace.”

When they practiced in the residence hall,^[11] they failed to achieve single-pointed attention because noise is a thorn to concentration, so the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “You should not engage in yoga in the residence hall.”

When they went into the forest to practice, and bandits, rogues, lions, tigers, panthers,^[12] and leopards crossed their paths, the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “You should not engage in yoga in the forest.”

When they practiced on the outskirts of towns, those who lacked faith taunted those noble ones: “Hey you! Are you dead or what?”^[13]

At this the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “You should surround a place with boughs, a lattice, or screens.”

So they surrounded a place with boughs, a lattice, and screens, but those who lacked faith taunted those noble ones: “What is this? A garden for melons and radishes?”

At this the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, F.133.a “You should surround the place with walls or a ditch.”

So they surrounded the place with walls or ditches, but those who lacked faith taunted those noble ones: “What is this? A garden for lemons and pomegranates?” to which they replied, “We are practicing yoga.”

The monks then appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “I give consent to build a meditation residence.”

Given consent by the Blessed One to build a meditation residence, but not knowing what a meditation residence ought to be like, the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “There are two types of meditation residence: those in small clusters and those in large clusters. The smaller has two dwellings with a passageway in the middle while the larger has ten or twelve dwellings with a passageway in the middle.”^[14]

When the monks built meditation residences, they built them like storerooms,^[15] that is, without a doorway, so the Blessed One said, “A doorway should be cut out.”

When the monks failed to install doors, the Blessed One said, “Doors should be installed.”

When the doors proved difficult to open, the Blessed One said, “Handles should be affixed to them.”

When the rings of the door handles were found to make noise, the Blessed One said, “A piece of leather should be placed under them.”

When the doors proved difficult to close, the Blessed One said, “A cross bolt, lever, or bar should be installed.”^[16]

When the meditation residences proved dark, the Blessed One said, “A window should be cut out.”

When the windows were cut out too low, bandits, rogues, lions, tigers, and leopards^[17] got in, so the Blessed One said, “They should not be cut out too low.”

When the windows were cut out too high, the light was not bright enough, F.133.b so the Blessed One said, “They should not be cut out too high. Leave two-thirds and cut them out of the remaining third.”

When the monks left the upper two-thirds and cut out of the lower third, the Blessed One said, “Leave the lower two-thirds and cut the windows out of the remaining third above.”

When the monks cut out wide apertures that tapered in, the Blessed One said, “Windows should be shaped like the sea, with a narrow aperture and broad interior.”^[18]

When crows, sparrows, and pigeons flew in, the Blessed One said, “The windows should be latticed.”

When house- and horseflies flew in, the Blessed One said, “The windows should have shutters.”^[19]

When wind blew the shutters open, the Blessed One said, “A bar should be installed.”^[20]

When the shutters proved difficult to close, the Blessed One said, “Cross bolts and levers should be installed.”^[21]

When the shutters proved difficult to open, the Blessed One said, “Fashion a key lever^[22] from wood and use it to open the window, and a bar, a cross bolt, or a lever to close it.”

Since seats were needed in the meditation residence, the Blessed One said, “Fashion a cushion of earth.”

When these proved too hard, the Blessed One said, “Use a stool.”

The Blessed One told the monks to use a stool, but they did not know what such a stool ought to be like, so the Blessed One said, “Make a stool with a frame one cubit long on each side and a woven seat for comfort.”^[23]

Since the monks did not know what weave to use, the Blessed One said, “There are five weaves: sedge, hemp,^[24] vālvaja grass, paṭa straw, and reed.”^[25]

When the monks found these too hard, the Blessed One said, F.134.a “Place a cushion over the seat.”

Since the monks did not know what a seat cushion ought to be like, the Blessed One said, “Sew together two pieces with a perimeter of four cubits, each side one cubit wide, and fill them with fibers.”

Since the monks did not know what fibers to use, the Blessed One said, “There are five types of fiber: arga fiber, kaśika fiber, erakā fiber, baka fiber, and śalmalī fiber.^[26] Alternatively, the cushion may be filled with one of the following five: wool, hemp, cotton, cloth shreds, or pāmṣu plant fibers.”

When the cushions were filled, all of the fibers shifted to one side, so the Blessed One said, “Using thread, partition it into pockets with crow’s feet seams.”^[27]

When the monks fell asleep while seated, the Blessed One said, “A jar should be tied.”^[28]

Since the monks did not know how to tie such a jar,^[29] the Blessed One said, “Tie it to the ear with string.”

When the monks still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, “Prod [the meditator] with a rod.”^[30]

When the monks prodded them with a stylus-shaped rod, it left wounds, so the Blessed One said, “Use one shaped like a weighing pan.”^[31]

When that still hurt the monks, the Blessed One said, “Once it has been wrapped in a piece of cloth, gently prod with it.”

When the monks still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, “Throw a ball of yarn [at the meditator].”^[32]

When the monks threw balls of yarn in the dark, they went astray, so the Blessed One said, “Attach it to a string and throw it. Then you may draw it back.”

When the monks still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, F.134.b “Place a lamp in front.”^[33]

When they still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, “Sit with one leg extended.”^[34]

When they still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, “Sit with both legs extended.”^[35]

When they still fell asleep, the Blessed One said, “Stand up and walk a bit.”

When the monks walked, they did so in a disorderly fashion so the Blessed One said, “Grab hold of the rope.”

When they followed the rope with their hands, the Blessed One said, “Punch a hole [in an object], affix it to the string, and hold on to that as you walk.”^[36]

When they walked in sandals, they made noise, so the Blessed One said, “Do not walk in sandals.”

When their feet got dirty, the Blessed One said, “Lay down a mat.”^[37]

When the mat became grimy, the Blessed One said, “Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct for meditators.^[38] Monk meditators should wash their feet every three days. Monk meditators should fully embrace the rules of customary conduct I have thus established. If they do not, they will commit a transgression.”

When the monks could no longer fit in the meditation residence, the Blessed One said, “Erect a second story above.”^[39]

When it proved difficult to climb up, the Blessed One said, “Build a staircase.”

When the monks fell down, the Blessed One said, “Build a railing.”

When it proved shaky, the Blessed One said, “Fasten it down with iron nails.”

When the monks could still not fit in the meditation hall, the Blessed One said, “Erect a ring of dwellings around the meditation hall.”

When the monks cut out doorways, they could see one another, so the Blessed One said, “The doorways should be offset.^[40] Build a gatehouse.^[41] Build caves, too.”^[42]

When they fell asleep inside, F.135.a the Blessed One said, “Hang a blanket or cloth near the door and sleep there. This need not be regretted.”^[43]

Manager

They then left, and on their return^[44] the Blessed One said, “A monk meditation manager should be appointed.^[45] For a monk manager, there are five factors that may pertain such that someone not already appointed should not be appointed, and if already appointed should be relieved of that position. What are those five factors? To be driven by desire, driven by aggression, driven by ignorance, driven by fear, and not to know which of the meditators’ needs ought and ought not be attended to.^[46] If those five factors do pertain to someone not already appointed as monk manager, he should not be appointed, and if already appointed should be relieved of that position.

“For a monk manager, there are five other factors that may pertain such that someone not already appointed should be appointed, and if already appointed should be relieved of that position. What are these five factors? Not to be driven by desire, driven by aggression, driven by ignorance, or driven by fear, and to know which of the meditators’ needs ought and ought not be attended to.^[47] If these five factors pertain to someone not already appointed as monk manager, he should be appointed, and if already appointed should not be relieved of that position.

“He should be appointed in the following way. To begin, determine whether he is willing to serve by asking:

“ ‘So-and-so, would you be willing to serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager?’

“If he is willing, he should reply:

“ ‘Yes, I am willing.’

“Then, set up seats and strike the gaṇḍī beam. After informing the monks of the matter at hand, once the entire saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The monk so-and-so is willing to serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it,^[48] I ask that the saṅgha give their consent. Once the saṅgha appoints this monk to serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager, F.135.b this monk will serve in such a capacity.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed in the following way:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The monk so-and-so is willing to serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager. May this monk therefore be appointed to serve in that capacity. If this monk would serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager, then I ask that those venerable ones who would appoint and accept this monk to serve in this capacity remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting the candidate and giving their consent, the saṅgha appoint the monk so-and-so to serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager. The monk so-and-so will then serve as the saṅgha’s meditation manager. By thus remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct for the monk meditation manager. The monk meditation manager should sprinkle the meditation hall grounds with water, sweep it, spread a fresh paste of dung over it, lay out the seats,^[49] clean the toilets, sprinkle water over the floor, sweep them out, spread a fresh paste of dung over them, and set out piles of leaves, clods of dirt,^[50] earth, and water.”^[51]

After the monks went around to each monk and summoned them individually, the Blessed One said, “Rather than summon each monk individually, strike the gaṇḍī beam.”

The monk manager struck a gaṇḍī beam too often,^[52] and after a time, the local villagers, fearing that bandits had come, donned armor and arrived, shouting, “Noble ones! Where are the bandits?”

“Friends,” they replied, “no bandits have come. This is how we attend to meditation.”

“But noble ones, you are signaling violence. F.136.a Where is the meditation here?”

After this, the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One said, “Do not strike the gaṇḍī beam too often. The gaṇḍī beam can be used in five ways: to summon the saṅgha, for formal acts, for the dead, for meditation, and for danger.

“To summon the saṅgha, strike in three sustained rolls, each punctuated with three sharp raps. For formal acts, strike in one sustained roll punctuated with three sharp raps.^[53] For the dead, the muṇḍikā.^[54] A ringing staff may serve as a gaṇḍī beam for meditation.^[55] For danger, strike as long as needed.”

When the time came to eat, the monks did as they pleased, so the Blessed One said, “The monks should not simply do as they please when the time to eat comes. Only when they have learned the time may they do as they please. Those who receive their meal from the saṅgha should first wash and then join the saṅgha, while those who go out for alms should first wash their hands and feet and then go to the village for alms.”

When they continued to do as they pleased, the Blessed One said, “Do not simply do as you please. Instead, recite the Three Implements.”^[56]

When they recited too much, the Blessed One said, “Do not recite too much.”

When they recited too little, the Blessed One said, “Do not recite too little, but rather a moderate amount.”

When they failed to explain patronage, the Blessed One said, “Explain patronage.”^[57]

Though the Blessed One told them to explain patronage, they did not know who should do so, so the Blessed One replied, “The saṅgha elder should explain patronage.”

When they explained patronage to an excessive degree, the Blessed One said, “Do not explain patronage to an excessive degree.”

When they explained patronage F.136.b too little, the Blessed One said, “Do not explain patronage to an exceedingly meager degree, but rather in a moderate amount.”

When the monk meditation manager had arrived last and left first, the Blessed One said, “The monk meditation manager should arrive first and leave last. If certain events should transpire,^[58] he should hide the key in an out-of-the-way place and then announce, ‘Venerable ones, I have hidden the key in such and such a place. Use it to open the hall.’ If the monk meditation manager does not properly observe the rules of customary conduct, he will be guilty of a breach.”

Here ends the section on the seated practice.^[59]

Acts

“What are the acts? The saṅgha motion, the act by motion and resolution, and the act by motion and triple resolution.”^[60]

Agreeing on the Restoration Rite Site

“What is the restoration rite? Monks, it is the recitation of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra, which I have taught. From now on, you should recite it every two weeks.”

When the Blessed One told them that The Prātimokṣa Sūtra should be recited every two weeks, they did not know who ought to recite it, so the Blessed One said, “The saṅgha elder should recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra every two weeks.”

When the Blessed One told them that the saṅgha elder should recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra every two weeks, the monks gathered in the dwelling. When it did not accommodate them, the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One said, “Do not recite it in the dwelling.”

When they recited it in the hall but that too did not accommodate them, the Blessed One said, “The saṅgha should agree on a restoration rite site.”

The Blessed One F.137.a told them that the saṅgha should agree on a restoration rite site, but they did not know how to reach agreement, so the Blessed One said, “The saṅgha should agree on a restoration rite site, the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed,^[61] with one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond. Agreement should be reached in the following way: After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. If the saṅgha should accept this site as a restoration rite site, the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed,^[62] with one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond, then we agree on it as the restoration rite site.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“Venerable saṅgha, please listen. If, the saṅgha agrees upon this site which has been selected as the restoration rite site—the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed and has one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond—as being the restoration rite site—the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed and has one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond—then I ask those venerable ones who can accept the agreement that this site—the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed and has one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond—should be the restoration rite site, F.137.b please remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha agrees on the site as the saṅgha’s restoration rite site—the whole of which is natural, created, or claimed and has one fathom of land between the inner boundary and beyond. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“The monks may then sit down at the site the saṅgha has agreed on as the restoration rite site and perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions,^[63] motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.”^[64]B12

Kapphiṇa

The Blessed Buddha was staying at the Kalandakanivāpa in the Bamboo Grove near Rājagṛha.^[66] The brahmin Kapphiṇa was staying at Senikā Cave near Rājagṛha, together with the saṅgha with whom he had enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite.^[67] On the fifteenth, a great many monks were seated and assembled at the restoration rite site. The majority were seated and waiting for the venerable brahmin Kapphiṇa. Then Kapphiṇa thought, “Today the saṅgha’s restoration rite falls on the fifteenth. If today, the fifteenth, is also my, the monk Kapphiṇa’s, restoration rite, should I or should I not go to the site of the saṅgha’s restoration rite? Should I or should I not participate in the restoration rite with the saṅgha? Should I or should I not attend the saṅgha’s acts and activities? F.138.a Should I or should I not participate with the saṅgha in its acts and activities? The Blessed One has even said:

“And I am pure, of the greatest purity.”

Knowing the brahmin Kapphiṇa’s thoughts, the Blessed One disappeared from the Bamboo Grove and reappeared, seated in front of the revered brahmin Kapphiṇa at Senikā Cave. He said, “Kapphiṇa, is it not true that you, when you retreated into solitude and withdrew into meditation, thought, ‘Today the saṅgha’s restoration rite falls on the fifteenth. If today, the fifteenth, is also my, the monk Kapphiṇa’s, restoration rite, should I or should I not go to the site of the saṅgha’s restoration rite? Should I or should I not participate in the restoration rite with the saṅgha? Should I or should I not attend the saṅgha’s acts and activities? Should I or should I not participate with the saṅgha in its acts and activities? The Blessed One has even said:

“ ‘And I am pure, of the greatest purity’?”

“I did, venerable one.”

“Kapphiṇa, then, if you do not go to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site, who else will go? If you do not participate with the saṅgha in the restoration rite, who else will participate? If you do not attend the saṅgha’s acts and activities, who else will attend? If you do not participate with the saṅgha in its acts and activities, who else will?

“Therefore, Kapphiṇa, do not fail to go to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site. Kapphiṇa, do not fail to participate with the saṅgha in the restoration rite. Kapphiṇa, do not fail to attend the saṅgha’s acts and activities. Kapphiṇa, do not fail to participate with the saṅgha in the saṅgha’s acts and activities.”

The Blessed One then took the revered brahmin Kapphiṇa to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site and sat down on the mat that had been lain before the saṅgha of monks. After sitting down, the Blessed One said to the monks, “I now allow^[68] that those monks who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite may demarcate a large boundary.”

When the Buddha allowed that monks who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite may demarcate a large boundary, they did not know how to demarcate a large boundary, so the Blessed One said, “To begin with, boarding or resident monks^[69] should set firm markers in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary. In the east, choose a firm marker such as a boulder, wall, pillar, F.139.a tree, fence, rock crevice, road, or well.^[70] In the south, west, and north as well, choose a firm marker such as a boulder, wall, pillar, tree, fence, rock crevice, road, or well.

“Then, after the seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, a boarding or a resident monk should announce the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the large boundary: in the east, south, west, and north, the firm marker is a boulder, wall, pillar, tree, fence, rock crevice, road, well, and so on.

“Then, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding and resident monks have announced the firm markers they have set in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; in the west,F.139.b the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well.^[71] Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent and the saṅgha demarcate the large boundary by enclosing a site with a shared restoration rite within the above markers, including the forest^[72] and including the residence^[73] but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease.’^[74]

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding and resident monks have announced the firm markers in the four directions they have set to demarcate the large boundary on this site. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; in the west, the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well. If a large boundary is demarcated by the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease remain silent, then I ask that those venerable ones who can accept the large boundary that has been demarcated by the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease remain silent. F.140.a I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting and giving their consent, the large boundary is demarcated by the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite within these markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“The monks may then sit within the large boundary demarcated by the saṅgha and use it for the seated practice, the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.”

Robes

When the monks carried the three robes during their daily practice,^[75] they were oppressed by the heat, so the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One said, “Consent should be given so that all monks are deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary.^[76] Consent should be given in the following way.

After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary for this site. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary so that the saṅgha may gather and be at ease, I ask consent.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. F.140.b A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary for this site. Therefore, if the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, I ask those venerable ones who can accept that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease, to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting this and giving their consent, the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“Where the saṅgha has granted consent that monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, monks may remain in their upper and lower robes. This need not be regretted.”^[77]

Consent to Undo

Among them were monks who did those acts described in the group of four, who did those acts described in the group of five, and who did those acts described in the group of ten.^[78] When the whole saṅgha gathered, among them were monks whose dedication to virtue had lapsed.^[79] So the monks appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One said, “A small boundary should be demarcated and it should be agreed upon it as the inner circle.

First the large boundary should be undone in the following way. After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk F.141.a should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary for this site. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent. I ask that the saṅgha erase and undo the large boundary.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary for this site. Therefore, if the saṅgha abolishes and undoes the large boundary, I ask those venerable ones who can accept the erasure and undoing of the large boundary to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“This is the first statement of the act. It should be repeated verbatim a second and third time. In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha erases and undoes the large boundary. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.”

Consent for the Small Boundary

“After that, boarding or resident monks should set firm markers in the four directions to demarcate the small boundary. In the east, south, west, and north, choose a firm marker by planting a teakwood stake, stringing yarn, placing a rock, or digging a furrow.

“After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, boarding or resident monks should announce the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary: ‘In the east, F.141.b south, west, and north, the following firm markers have been planted: a teakwood stake, strung yarn, a placed rock, or a dug furrow.’

“After that, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding or resident monks have announced the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary on this site. In the east, the firm marker is a planted teakwood stake; in the south, strung yarn; in the west, a placed rock; and in the north, a dug furrow. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent and the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcate the small boundary within these markers and agree upon it as the small circle, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding or resident monks have announced the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary on this site. In the east, the firm marker is a planted teakwood stake; in the south, strung yarn; in the west, a placed rock; and in the north, a dug furrow. If the saṅgha demarcates the small boundary within these markers and agrees upon it as the inner circle, F.142.a I ask that those venerable ones who can accept the small boundary that the saṅgha has demarcated within these markers and agreed upon it as the inner circle, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease, to remain silent. I ask those who cannot accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha accepts the small boundary thus demarcated within these markers and agrees upon it as the inner circle, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.”

Consent for the Large Boundary

“After that, the large boundary should be demarcated. It should be done in the following way. To begin with, boarding or resident monks should set firm markers in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary. In the east, south, west, and north, set firm markers such as a boulder, a wall, a pillar, a tree, a fence, a rock crevice, a road, or a well.^[80]

“Then, after seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, boarding or resident monks should announce the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the large boundary: in the east, south, west, and north, the firm markers are a boulder, a wall, a pillar, a tree, a fence, a rock crevice, F.142.b a road, a well, and so on.

“Then, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding or resident monks have announced the firm markers they have set in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary on this site. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; in the west, the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent for the large boundary that the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite has demarcated within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding or resident monks have announced the firm markers they have set in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary on this site. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; F.143.a in the west, the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well. If the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcates a large boundary within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease remain silent, then I ask that those venerable ones who can accept the large boundary that the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite has demarcated within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcates the large boundary within these markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“The monks may then sit within the large boundary demarcated by the saṅgha and use it for the seated practice, the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.

“Then, consent should be given that all monks are deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary. Consent should be given in the following way. After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. F.143.b Once the entire saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcated the large boundary. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcated the large boundary. Therefore, if the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, I ask those venerable ones who can accept that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease, to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting this and giving their consent, the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“Where the saṅgha has given consent that monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, monks may remain in their upper and lower robes.^[81] This need not be regretted.”

Consent to Shrink, Expand, and Undo

Upāli asked the Blessed One, F.144.a “Honorable One, is it permissible for a single monk officiant to shrink or expand a site with an inner and outer boundary by making a single motion and a single statement of the act?”

“Yes, Upāli, it is. In shrinking, the large boundary becomes the small boundary, and in expanding, the small boundary becomes the large boundary. To begin with, undo the large boundary as well as the small boundary, thus erasing the inner circle. It should be undone in the following way. After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, position saṅgha at both boundaries. A monk officiant should then plant a piece of wood, a stick, a staff, or a cloth^[82] before making a motion and performing the act:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary and a small boundary on this site and agreed upon it as the inner circle. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent that the saṅgha erase the large boundary and also the small boundary, thereby undoing the inner circle.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha, which has enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite, has demarcated a large boundary and a small boundary on this site and agreed upon that as the inner circle. If the saṅgha erases both the large boundary and the small boundary, undoing the inner circle, I ask those venerable ones who can accept that erasure of the large boundary as well as the small boundary, and the subsequent undoing of the inner circle, to remain silent. F.144.b I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“This is the first statement of the act. It should be repeated verbatim a second and third time. In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha erases the large boundary as well as the small boundary, thereby undoing the inner circle. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

Demarcate

“After that, boarding or resident monks should set firm markers in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary. In the east, south, west, and north, choose a firm marker such as a boulder, wall, pillar, tree, fence, rock crevice, road, or well.

“They should then set firm markers in the four directions to demarcate the small boundary. In the east, south, west, and north, they should choose a firm marker by planting a teakwood stake, stringing yarn, placing a rock, or digging a furrow.^[83]

“After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, a boarding or a resident monk should announce the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the large boundary, announcing that in the east, south, west, and north the firm markers are a boulder, F.145.a wall, pillar, tree, fence, rock crevice, road, well, and so on. Then they should announce the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary, announcing that in the east, south, west, and north the firm markers that have been planted are a teakwood stake, strung yarn, a placed rock, or a dug furrow.

“Once the saṅgha has taken their places at both boundaries, a monk officiant should plant a piece of wood, a stick, a staff, or a cloth before making a motion and performing the act:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding and resident monks have announced the firm markers they have set in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary on this site. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; in the west, the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well. They have also announced the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary on this site. In the east, the firm marker is a planted teakwood stake; in the south, strung yarn; F.145.b in the west, a placed rock; and in the north, a dug furrow. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, “I ask that the saṅgha give their consent and the saṅgha demarcate the small boundary by enclosing a site with a shared restoration rite within these markers and agree upon it as the small circle, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The boarding and resident monks have announced the firm markers they have set in the four directions to demarcate the large boundary on this site. In the east, the firm markers are a boulder and a wall; in the south, the firm markers are a pillar and a tree; in the west, the firm markers are a fence and a rock crevice; and in the north, the firm markers are a road and a well. They have also announced the firm markers in the four directions that demarcate the small boundary on this site. In the east, the firm marker is a planted teakwood stake; in the south, strung yarn; in the west, a placed rock; and in the north, a dug furrow. If a saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcates a large boundary within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein and their agreement upon a small boundary demarcating the inner circle, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease remain silent, then I ask that F.146.a those venerable ones who can accept the demarcation of the large boundary within the above markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein, and their agreement upon a small boundary demarcating the inner circle, so that monks may gather at the site and be at ease, to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting and giving their consent, the saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcates the large boundary within these markers, including the forest and including the residence but excluding any towns and town outskirts therein and agrees upon a small boundary demarcating the inner circle, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“The monks may then sit within the large boundary demarcated by the saṅgha and use it for the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.

“If so desired, this is also how it can be expanded or, if that is not desired, how it can be shrunk.”

In Possession Of

“Consent should be given that all monks are deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary. Consent should be given in the following way. After exiting the small boundary for the large boundary and having arranged seats along the large boundary, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. F.146.b A complete saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcated the large boundary. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha give their consent. I ask that the saṅgha give consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. A complete saṅgha who have enclosed a site with a shared restoration rite demarcated the large boundary. Therefore, if the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, I ask those venerable ones who can accept that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at the site and be at ease, to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“In accepting this and giving their consent, the saṅgha gives consent that all monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease. By remaining silent, they assent to the proposed act.

“Where the saṅgha has given consent that monks be deemed to be in possession of their robes while within the large boundary, so that the saṅgha may gather at that site and be at ease, monks may remain in their upper and lower robes. This need not be regretted.”

Undemarcated

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, where are the boundaries of a site whose boundaries have not been fixed?”^[84]

“Upāli, if a wall encircles it, then the wall is the boundary. If a wall does not encircle it, F.147.a it runs from the gutter up to where the cascade of rain falls.^[85] The monks who live there should sit there and perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.”

Villages

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, where is a site that falls within a village’s boundary?”^[86]

“Upāli, up to the outskirts. The monks who live there should sit there and perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they do not reach agreement, they will be guilty of a breach.”

The Forest

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, where are the boundaries of a site in the forest where there are no villages?”

“Upāli, within earshot. All of the monks who stay within earshot should sit in one place there and perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution. If they perform [an official act] while being incomplete, they will be guilty of a breach.”

Acts

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, what type of restoration rite acts are there?”

“Upāli, there are four types: those done improperly without the complete saṅgha; those done improperly by the complete saṅgha; those done properly without the complete saṅgha; and those done properly by the complete saṅgha.^[87] One of those acts of the restoration rite is proper: that done properly by the complete saṅgha.”

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, how many ways of reciting The Prātimokṣa Sūtra are there?”

“Upāli, there are five. The saṅgha can be said to have recited The Prātimokṣa Sūtra and performed the restoration rite if, after the motion is made, the narrative introduction is recited and the rest is communicated through the headings.^[88] The saṅgha can be said to have recited The Prātimokṣa Sūtra and performed the restoration rite if, after the motion is made, the narrative introduction and the four things that constitute a defeat are recited while the rest is communicated through the headings.F.147.b The saṅgha can be said to have recited The Prātimokṣa Sūtra and performed the restoration rite if, after the motion is made, the narrative introduction, the four things that constitute a defeat, and the thirteen saṅgha remnants are recited while the rest is communicated through the headings. The saṅgha can be said to have recited The Prātimokṣa Sūtra and performed the restoration rite if, after the motion is made, the narrative introduction, the four things that constitute a defeat, the thirteen saṅgha remnants, and the two undetermined offenses are recited while the rest is communicated through the headings.

The full recitation of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra is the fifth.”^[89]

Site

A great many monks living at one site assumed the monk so-and-so or the monk so-and-so would lead the Prātimokṣa. But at their restoration rite on the following fifteenth, no monk stepped forth to lead the Prātimokṣa, so the Blessed One said, “The site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker, respectively,^[91] should seek a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa.

If they find a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa, then all is well. If they do not, those monks should not stay for another restoration rite at that site.^[92] They will be guilty of a breach if they stay on.”

The Early Part of the Rains

At one site, a great many monks were about to pledge to settle for the earlier part of the rains^[93] and assumed the monk so-and-so or the monk so-and-so would lead the Prātimokṣa. But at their restoration rite on the following fifteenth, no monk stepped forth to lead the Prātimokṣa recitation, so the Blessed One said, “The site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, F.148.a supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker, respectively, should seek a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa. If they find a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa, then all is well. If they do not, those monks should not pledge to settle for the earlier part of the rains at that site. They will be guilty of a breach if they make that pledge.”

At one site, a great many monks pledged to settle for the earlier part of the rains and assumed the monk so-and-so or the monk so-and-so would lead the Prātimokṣa. But at their restoration rite on the following fifteenth, no monk stepped forth to lead the Prātimokṣa, so the Blessed One said, “The site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker, respectively, should seek a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa. If they find a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa, then all is well. If they do not, those monks should not settle for the earlier part of the rains at that site. They will be guilty of a breach if they stay on.”

The Later Part of the Rains

At one site, a great many monks were about to pledge to settle for the later part of the rains^[94] and assumed the monk so-and-so or the monk so-and-so would lead the Prātimokṣa. But at their restoration rite on the following fifteenth, no monk stepped forth to lead the Prātimokṣa recitation, so the Blessed One said, “The site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker, respectively, should seek a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa. If they find a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa, then all is well. If they do not, those monks should not pledge to settle for the later part of the rains at that site. F.148.b They will be guilty of a breach if they make that pledge.”

At one site, a great many monks pledged to settle for the later part of the rains and assumed the monk so-and-so or the monk so-and-so would lead the Prātimokṣa. But at their restoration rite on the following fifteenth, no monk stepped forth to recite the Prātimokṣa, so the Blessed One said, “Those monks should remain at that very site for two months while carefully considering the matter.^[95] After two months have passed, the site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker, respectively, should seek a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa. If they find a monk to lead the Prātimokṣa, then all is well. If they do not, those monks should not stay for another restoration rite at that site. They will be guilty of a breach if they stay on.”

Visiting

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, what should resident monks do if they hear of the impending arrival of a visiting monk who is an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā?”^[96]

“Upāli, the monks should go out two and a half furlongs’ distance with parasols, standards, banners, and so on to greet the monk upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā. If they can do so, all is well. If they cannot, they should go out five earshots with parasols, standards, banners, and so on to greet him. If they can do so, all is well. If they cannot, they should go out one half of a furlong, three earshots, one earshot, half of an earshot, or at least to the hall steps^[97] with parasols, standards, banners, and so on to greet him.

“He should be welcomed with friendly words F.149.a and his begging bowl and robes taken. He should be bathed and supplies of oil offered to him and the saṅgha as well.^[98] The site caretaker, residence caretaker, work caretaker, supplies caretaker, and attendant caretaker should see to him. He should be given an opportunity to listen to the Dharma.^[99]

“If some should say, ‘Venerable one, if these monks have gone forth like us, why do they deserve such reverence while we do not?’ you should reply, ‘These venerable ones are teachers and silents of our dearly departed Teacher’s words. They are broadly learned in and masters of the sūtras, the vinaya, and the mātṛkā, whereas you are not, and therefore they are deserving of reverence.’ ”

Traveling the Countryside

“If monk wards and monk apprentices wish to travel the countryside on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, preceptors and instructors should by no means give them consent to do so. If such a circumstance should come to pass, say, ‘Venerable ones, here, at such and such a site, we have a saṅgha elder, someone to recite the Prātimokṣa, someone with the pure conduct and qualities of a monk. Those of virtuous character are staying so those who have not regretted this site need not regret it while those who have regretted it should banish those feelings.’ They will be guilty of a breach if they do something other than what was instructed.”

The Night Has Passed, Perform the Restoration Rite

Then, on that very fifteenth, the day for the restoration rite, the Blessed One sat down on a seat placed before the saṅgha of monks. Once seated, the Blessed One said to the monks, “Monks, the night has passed, perform the restoration rite.”

One monk then stood up from his seat, took his upper robe from one shoulder, knelt down on his right knee, F.149.b turned to the Blessed One and, after bowing with palms pressed together, asked the Blessed One, “Honorable One, what should we do if at a site there is a monk who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness?”

The Blessed One said, “His profession of purity should be received.”

Though the Blessed One told them to receive his profession of purity, the monks did not know how to do so. The Blessed One said, “One monk may receive professions of purity from one, two, or even a great many monks, so long as he is able to state the name of each monk while among the saṅgha.

“Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct by which a monk offers his profession of purity. The monk offering his profession of purity should take his upper robe from one shoulder, take off both sandals, and prostrate according to seniority before squatting with palms pressed together and saying, ‘Venerable ones, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness. I therefore profess that I, the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, am pure of hindering qualities.^[100] I also profess the purity of my restoration rite and profess my purity. I communicate this profession.’

“This should be repeated verbatim a second and third time. If the monk offering his profession of purity physically communicates his profession of purity, his profession of purity should be deemed as having been offered. If the monk offering his profession of purity verbally communicates his profession of purity, his profession of purity should be deemed as having been offered. If he physically and verbally communicates his purity, F.150.a his profession of purity should be deemed as having been offered.

“If he does not physically or verbally communicate it, the entire saṅgha should either go to him or the monk should be brought among the saṅgha. They will be guilty of a breach if the entire saṅgha does not go to him or if the saṅgha is not complete on account of his consent^[101] not being received among the saṅgha. They will be guilty of a breach if the monk offering his profession of purity follows the rules of customary conduct but his profession is not accepted after being properly received.

“Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct for monks who receive the profession of purity. After he has received the profession of purity, the monk who has received the profession of purity should not run, nor should he rush, jump, jump over partitions, jump over ditches, jump onto verandas, sit in the sky above,^[102] go beyond the boundary, climb a ladder two rungs at a time, climb a staircase two steps at a time, spill over onto a causeway,^[103] fall asleep, or sit in equipoise. To fall asleep or to sit in equipoise are censured for two reasons: because one suggests disrespect and the other absentmindedness.^[104]

“Then, when the saṅgha elders say, ‘Venerable ones, profess the purity of those who have not come.^[105] Let their profession be known,’ the monk who has received the profession of purity should sit before the monk seated in front and say, ‘Venerable, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite, for the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, at such and such a place. F.150.b The monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, at such and such a place, declares that he is pure of hindering qualities. He professes the purity of his restoration rite and professes his purity. Let his profession be known.’

“This should be repeated verbatim a second and third time.^[106]

“Alternatively, the monk who has received the profession of purity should stand at the fore of the most senior row among the saṅgha and say, ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite, for the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, at such and such a place. The monk named so-and-so, at such and such a place, declares that he is pure of hindering qualities. He professes the purity of his restoration rite and professes his purity. Let his profession be known.’

“They will be guilty of a breach if the monk receiving the profession of purity follows the rules of customary conduct but his profession is not accepted after being properly received.”

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, if the monk who has received a profession of purity comes to an end and dies on that very place after receiving a profession of purity, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”

“If the monk who has received a profession of purity^[107] makes an oath professing to be a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, F.151.a someone living under false pretenses, someone outside the common living, or someone denied the common living, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”^[108]

“Honorable One, if the monk who has received a profession of purity comes to an end and dies while on his way after receiving a profession of purity, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”

“If the monk who has received a profession of purity makes an oath professing he is a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, someone living under false pretenses, someone outside the common living, or someone denied the common living, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”

“Honorable One, if the monk who has received a profession of purity receives a profession of purity and then comes to an end and dies while among the saṅgha, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has been received and should not be received again.”^[109]

“[Honorable One,] if the monk who has received a profession of purity makes an oath professing he is a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, someone living under false pretenses, someone outside the common living, or someone denied the common living, F.151.b has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has been received and should not be received again.”

Rouse the Intention for the Restoration Rite

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, what should a monk who is alone at a site do on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite?”

“Upāli, that monk should sprinkle the monastery hall with water, sweep it, spread a fresh paste of dung, set up a lion throne, set out a seat, light a votive lamp, and give the opportunity for the Dharma to be heard.^[110] Later, he should sit in the highest place around and look in the four directions. If pure, like-minded monks should come, he should say, ‘O venerable ones! Come quickly! It is the fifteenth and the saṅgha’s restoration rite.’

“They should then sit together and perform the restoration rite. If they do so, all is well. If they do not, that monk should sit on his seat and say, ‘Today, the fifteenth, is the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk named so-and-so. I therefore profess that I, the monk named so-and-so, am pure of hindering qualities. I ask that the gods accept my profession of purity. So that I, the monk named so-and-so, may perfect the body of pure conduct, today I sanction the restoration rite.’^[111]

“He should rouse the following intention and recite the words, ‘When I find a saṅgha assembly, I will participate in the full restoration rite together with the saṅgha and listen to the reciter recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra.’ Repeat these words verbatim a second and third time.

“Where two monks are staying together, they should recite the words just given to one another. Likewise, where three monks are staying together, they should say them one by one in turn to one another. Where four monks are staying together, they should make a motion and then perform the restoration rite. In such a place, a sick monastic’s profession of purity should not be received. Where five or more monks are staying together, they should make a motion and then perform the restoration rite. In such a place, a sick monastic’s profession of purity may also be received. F.152.aB13

The King Apprehends a Monk

“If a king, bandit, murderer, brigand, or enemy apprehends a monk on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the monks should, on behalf of that monk, either go in person or send a messenger to say, ‘As this monk is our fellow brahmacārin, we ask that you release him.’ If he is released, then all is well. If he is not released, a second messenger should be sent to say, ‘As we have some business with this monk, we ask that you please release him.’ If he is released, then all is well. If he is not released, the monks should proceed to an inner circle and perform the restoration rite there.^[112] Then, the following day, they should endeavor to secure the monk’s freedom. If they so endeavor, then all is well. They will be guilty of a breach if they do not.”

There Is Business So Do Not Rise

Later, on the fifteenth, the Blessed One sat down on a seat placed before the saṅgha of monks and performed the restoration rite by reciting the saṅgha’s Prātimokṣa. The Blessed One then said to the monks, “There is some saṅgha business to attend to so please do not rise for a time.”

One monk then stood up from his seat, took his upper robe from one shoulder, turned to the Blessed One and, after bowing with palms pressed together, asked the Blessed One, “Honorable One, what should we do if the profession of purity made by a monk who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness at a site is received?”

The Blessed One replied, “That monk should receive the consent of the monk who, because he is pure, has offered his profession of purity.’ ”^[113]F.152.b

Though the Blessed One told them to receive consent, the monks did not know how to do so, so the Blessed One said, “It may be received from one to one, one to two, or to a great many, so long as every monk in the saṅgha can be named. Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct by which a monk offers his consent. The monk offering his consent should take his upper robe from one shoulder, take off both sandals, and prostrate to the assembled in order of seniority before squatting with palms pressed together and saying, ‘Venerable ones, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, a monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness. I therefore profess that I, a monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, am pure of hindering qualities. I offer my consent for the saṅgha to properly perform its duties.^[114] My restoration rite is pure, I give my consent and profess my purity. Let my profession be known.’

“Repeat that verbatim a second and third time. If the monk offering his consent physically communicates his consent, his consent should be announced. If the monk offering his consent verbally communicates his consent, his consent should be announced. If the monk offering his consent both physically and verbally communicates his consent, his consent should be announced.

“If he neither physically nor verbally communicates his consent, the entire saṅgha should go to him or the monk should be brought among the saṅgha. They will be guilty of a breach if the entire saṅgha does not go to him, F.153.a or if the saṅgha is not complete on account of his not being accepted among the saṅgha. They will be guilty of a breach if the monk offering his consent follows the rules of customary conduct but his consent is not accepted after being properly received.

“Monks, I will establish the rules of customary conduct for monks who receive consent. After he has received consent, the monk who has received consent should not run, nor should he rush, jump, jump over partitions, jump over ditches, jump onto verandas, sit in the sky above, go beyond the boundary, climb a ladder two rungs at a time, climb a staircase two steps at a time, spill over onto a causeway, fall asleep, or sit in equipoise. To fall asleep or to sit in equipoise are censured for two reasons: because one suggests disrespect and the other absentmindedness.

“Then, when the saṅgha elder says, ‘Announce the consent and professions of purity of those venerable ones who have not come. Let this profession be known,’ the monk who has received the consent sits before the monk seated in front and says, ‘Venerable, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite, for the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, at such and such a place, who is pure of hindering qualities. He has offered his consent for the saṅgha to properly perform its duties. His restoration rite is also pure, I announce his consent and profession of purity. F.153.b Let this announcement be known.’

“Repeat this verbatim a second and third time.

“Alternatively, the monk who has received consent should stand at the end of the line of seniority in the middle of the saṅgha and say, ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite, for the monk named so-and-so, who is sick, suffering, and tormented by illness, at such and such a place, who is pure of hindering qualities. He has offered his consent for the saṅgha to properly perform its duties. His restoration rite is also pure, I announce his consent and profession of purity. Let this announcement be known.’

“They will be guilty of a breach if the monk who has received the consent follows the rules of customary conduct but his announcement is not accepted after being properly received.”

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, if the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity comes to an end and dies immediately after having received consent and a profession of purity, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”

“Honorable One, if the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity^[115] makes an oath consenting to and professing to being a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, someone living under false pretenses, someone outside the common living, or someone denied the common living, has the profession of purity been received or not?” F.154.a

“Upāli, it has not been received and should be received again.”

“Honorable One, if the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity comes to an end and dies afterwards while on his way, should the consent and profession of purity be declared received or not?”

“Upāli, they have not been received and should be received again.

“If the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity makes an oath consenting to and professing to being a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, someone living under false pretenses, someone outside the common living, or someone denied the common living, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, they have not been received and should be received again.”

“If the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity comes to an end and dies while among the saṅgha after he has received consent and a profession of purity, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, they have been received and should not be received again.”

“If the monk receiving consent and a profession of purity makes an oath consenting to and professing to being a householder, or makes an oath that he is a novice, a person who has undergone castration, a person labeled a paṇḍaka, someone who has violated a nun, a matricide, a patricide, someone who has killed an arhat, someone who has caused a schism in the saṅgha, someone who has maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, a tīrthika, a convert to a tīrthika order, a person living under false pretenses, F.154.b someone who is outside the common living, or someone who is denied the common living, has the profession of purity been received or not?”

“Upāli, they have been received and should not be received again.”

The venerable Upāli asked the Blessed Buddha, “Honorable One, what should a monk who is alone at a site do on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite?”

“Upāli, that monk should sprinkle the floor of the monastery with water, sweep it, spread a fresh paste of dung over it, set up a lion throne, set out a seat, light a votive lamp, and give an opportunity for the Dharma to be heard. After that, he should sit in the highest place around and look into the four directions. If pure, like-minded monks should come, he should say, ‘O venerable ones! Come quickly! It is the fifteenth and the saṅgha’s restoration rite.’

“They should then sit together and perform the restoration rite. If they do so, all is well. If they do not, that monk should sit on his seat and say, ‘Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk named so-and-so. I therefore profess that I, the monk named so-and-so, am pure of hindering qualities. I ask that the gods accept my profession of purity. So that I, the monk named so-and-so, may perfect the body of pure conduct, today I sanction the restoration rite.’

“He should rouse the following intention and recite the words, ‘When I find a saṅgha assembly, I will participate in the full restoration rite together with the saṅgha and listen to the reciter recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra.’ That should be repeated verbatim a second and third time.

“Where two monks are staying together, they should recite the words just given to one another. Likewise, where three monks are staying together, F.155.a they should say them one by one in turn to one another. Where four monks are staying together, they should make a motion and then perform the restoration rite. In such a place, a sick monastic’s consent and profession of purity should not be received. Where five or more monks are staying together, they should make a motion and then perform the restoration rite. In such a place, a sick monastic’s consent and profession of purity can also be received.

Giving Exemptions to the Deranged

The Blessed Buddha was staying at Prince Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍada’s park, near Śrāvastī when the venerable Saikata, deranged, his mind disturbed, wandered around naked, sometimes coming to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site and sometimes not. Sometimes he participated with the saṅgha in the restoration rite, and sometimes he did not. Sometimes he attended the saṅgha’s special events and acts, and sometimes he did not. Sometimes he participated with the saṅgha in the saṅgha’s special events and acts, and sometimes he did not. Thus, when the monks found themselves unable to carry out certain acts on account of the saṅgha being incomplete, they appealed to the Blessed One and the Blessed One replied, “Monks, an exemption for reasons of derangement should be given to the monk Saikata and others like him. It should be given in the following way. After seats have been arranged, strike the gaṇḍī beam and inform the monks of the matter at hand. Once the whole saṅgha is seated and assembled, one monk should make a motion and perform the act as follows:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The monk Saikata,^[116] deranged, his mind disturbed, wanders around naked, sometimes coming to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site and sometimes not. F.155.b Sometimes he participates with the saṅgha in the restoration rite and sometimes he does not. Sometimes he attends the saṅgha’s special events and acts and sometimes he does not. Sometimes he participates with the saṅgha in the saṅgha’s special events and acts and sometimes he does not. Thus, we monks find ourselves unable to carry out certain acts due to our, on account of the saṅgha being incomplete. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, I ask that the saṅgha grant an exemption. I ask that the saṅgha grant the monk Saikata an exemption for reasons of derangement. If he comes, do not attempt to stop him. If he goes, do not attempt to stop him. Whether the monk Saikata comes or goes, the saṅgha should not be deemed in discord when they perform the saṅgha’s restoration rite, lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, or acts by motion and triple resolution.’

“That is the motion. The act is performed in the following way:

“ ‘Venerable saṅgha, please listen. The monk Saikata, deranged, his mind disturbed, wanders around naked, sometimes coming to the saṅgha’s restoration rite site and sometimes not. Sometimes he participates with the saṅgha in the restoration rite, and sometimes he does not. Sometimes he attends the saṅgha’s special events and acts, and sometimes he does not. Sometimes he participates with the saṅgha in the saṅgha’s special events and acts, and sometimes he does not. Thus, we monks find ourselves unable to carry out certain acts on account of the saṅgha being incomplete. I ask that the saṅgha grant the monk Saikata an exemption for reasons of derangement. If he comes, do not attempt to stop him. If he goes, F.156.a do not attempt to stop him. If he walks away, do not attempt to stop him. I ask those venerable ones who can accept our deeming the saṅgha should not be deemed in discord whether the monk Saikata comes or goes when they perform the saṅgha’s restoration rite, lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, and acts by motion and triple resolution to remain silent. I ask those who cannot so accept it to speak now.’

“By expressing their acceptance and giving their consent, the saṅgha grants the monk Saikata an exemption by reason of derangement. By remaining silent, they assent to that.”

The Ten Recollections

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk recalls an offense, that monk should properly make amends for the offense before another monk as follows: he should take his upper robe from one shoulder, take off both sandals, and prostrate to the assembled in order of seniority before squatting with palms pressed together. While squatting before the monk with palms pressed together and head bowed, he should say, ‘Venerable, please listen. I, the monk named so-and-so, have incurred this offense. I, the monk named so-and-so, confess and disclose each and every one of those offenses before you, venerable; I do not conceal them. If I confess and disclose them, I will be at ease. If I do not confess and disclose them, I will not be at ease.’

“That should be repeated verbatim a second and third time.

“He is then asked, ‘Do you recognize the offense?’

“The monk should reply, ‘I do.’

“He is then asked, ‘From now on, will you refrain from it?’

“He replies, ‘I will.’

“That should be repeated verbatim a second and third time.

“The confessor^[117] should then say, ‘That is the means.’

“The confessant^[118] should then reply, ‘Excellent.’

“After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this to be a hindrance to the restoration rite.^[119]F.156.b

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk is already suspected of or uncertain^[120] about an offense, he should ask an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about it. Once the suspicions and uncertainties regarding the offense have been resolved, he should properly make amends for the offense before another monk.

After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk recalls an offense while among the saṅgha, he should sanction^[121] that offense before another monk by saying, ‘Venerable, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk so-and-so. I, the monk so-and-so, have recalled this and that offense while among the saṅgha. I, the monk so-and-so, sanction this offense in your presence so that I may perform the restoration rite today. I resolve that tomorrow morning I will properly make amends for^[122] that offense.’ After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk is suspected of or becomes uncertain about an offense while among the saṅgha, he should go before another monk and sanction that offense by saying, ‘Venerable, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk so-and-so. While among the saṅgha, I, the monk so-and-so, have become uncertain about this and that offense. I, the monk so-and-so, sanction this offense in your presence so that I may perform the restoration rite today. Tomorrow morning I will ask an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about it and once my doubts and uncertainties regarding the offense have been clarified, F.157.a I will properly make amends for the offense.’ After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the monk reciter of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recalls an offense while among the saṅgha, that monk should mentally sanction the offense by thinking, ‘Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk so-and-so reciter of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra. I, the monk so-and-so reciter of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra, have recalled this and that offense while among the saṅgha, so I, the monk so-and-so reciter of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra, mentally sanction that offense so that I may perform the restoration rite today. I resolve that tomorrow morning I will properly make amends for that offense.’ After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the monk reciter of The Prātimokṣa Sūtra becomes suspected of or uncertain about an offense while among the saṅgha, that monk should mentally sanction that offense by thinking, ‘Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. It is also the fifteenth, the restoration rite for me, the monk so-and-so charged with reciting The Prātimokṣa Sūtra. I, the monk so-and-so charged with reciting The Prātimokṣa Sūtra, am suspected of and have become uncertain about this and that offense while among the saṅgha, so I, the monk so-and-so charged with reciting The Prātimokṣa Sūtra, mentally sanction that offense so that I may perform the restoration rite today. Tomorrow morning I will ask an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about it and once the suspicions and uncertainties regarding the offense have been clarified, I will properly make amends for the offense in accord with the Vinaya.’^[123]F.157.b After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the entire saṅgha has incurred offenses, some among the monks in whose presence they may later properly make amends should willingly go to another site in order to make amends for the offense in front of a monk.

If they can do so, all is well. If they cannot, those monks should perform an act of motion alone as follows:^[124]

“ ‘Venerable ones, please listen. Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. We, the entire saṅgha, have incurred offenses, and so we should properly make amends for our offenses. Yet there are no monks among us who will willingly go to another site to properly make amends for the offenses in the presence of a monk. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, we ask that the saṅgha give their consent. The saṅgha sanctions that offense so that we may perform the restoration rite today. Later, we will properly make amends for those offenses in the presence of a monk.’

“That is the motion. After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the entire saṅgha is suspected of or becomes uncertain about an offense, some among the monks, having gone to another site where there is a monk in whose presence they may properly make amends for, should willing ask an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about them and, once their suspicions and uncertainties about the offense have been clarified, they should properly make amends. If they can do so, all is well. If they cannot, those monks should perform an act of motion alone as follows:

“ ‘Venerable ones, please listen. F.158.a Today is the fifteenth, the saṅgha’s restoration rite. We, the entire saṅgha, are suspected of or have become uncertain, yet no monks among us, we who must confess, will willingly go to another site, where they might properly make amends for the offenses after clarifying our doubts and uncertainties regarding the offenses through asking an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about them. Therefore, if the time is right and the saṅgha can accept it, we ask that the saṅgha give their consent. The saṅgha sanctions those offenses today so that we may perform the restoration rite. Later, we will ask an upholder of the sūtras, the vinaya, or the mātṛkā about them and once our doubts and uncertainties regarding them have been clarified, we will properly make amends for the offenses.’

“That is the motion. After that, the restoration rite should be performed. Monks, that is how the restoration rite should be performed; I do not declare this a hindrance to the restoration rite.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the entire saṅgha except one resident monk have incurred offenses, they should say, in the presence of that monk—an acquaintance, a friend, an intimate, or a companion^[125]—‘Venerable, what comes of doing this or that?’

“ ‘An offense is incurred.’

“ ‘Well then, venerable, I too have done this or that.’

“ ‘Well then, venerable, you have incurred an offense.’

“ ‘Venerable, that is the case for the entire saṅgha, apart from you alone.’

“ ‘Then listen. You, venerable, should first make amends for your own offense. Then the entire saṅgha should ask you, “What comes of doing this or that?” ’^[126]

“If he will confess, the confessor should make the confessant confess in a place where the other monks might see and so confess too.^[127] If that is done, all is well. F.158.b If it is not done, the confessor should not prompt the confessant against his will.^[128] He should not remind him against his will.^[129] He will be guilty of a breach if he prompts or reminds him against his will.

“If, on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, the entire saṅgha except one visiting monk have incurred offenses, they should say, in the presence of that monk—an acquaintance, a friend, an intimate, or a companion—‘Venerable, what comes of doing this or that?’

“ ‘An offense is incurred.’

“ ‘Well then, venerable, I too have done this or that.’

“ ‘Well then, venerable, you have incurred an offense.’

“ ‘Venerable, that is the case for the entire saṅgha, apart from you alone.’

“ ‘Then listen. You, venerable, should first make amends for your own offense. Then the entire saṅgha should ask you, “What comes of doing this or that?” ’

“If he will confess, the confessor should make the confessant confess in a place where the other monks might see and so confess too. If that is done, all is well. If it is not done, the confessor should not prompt the confessant against his will. He should not remind him against his will. He will be guilty of a breach if he prompts or reminds him against his will.”

Lack of a Quorum

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[131]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims^[132] and fabricated preparations,^[133]F.159.a make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.^[134]

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, F.159.b they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks F.160.a are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’ F.160.b

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them they stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[135]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. F.161.a The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, F.161.b ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims F.162.a and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and F.162.b recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[136]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.163.a is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, F.163.b make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and F.164.a resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.164.b or the earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[137]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.165.a is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, F.165.b perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.166.a or the earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.166.b they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[138]

If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’ F.167.a

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.167.b or the earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, F.168.a the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.168.b let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[139]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks^[140] arrive, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, F.169.a perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks^[141] arrive, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks^[142] arrive, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When F.169.b four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.170.a is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’ F.170.b

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[143]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.171.a and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.171.b the earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting F.172.a and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.172.b they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[144]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and F.173.a recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive, then they F.173.b too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts. F.174.a

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks F.174.b are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’^[145]

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’ F.175.a

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa SūtraF.175.b recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, F.176.a perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks F.176.b will be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. The earlier group of monks will be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.”

An intervening summary:

Numbers

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete,^[147] they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[148]

“If later a smaller number of resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, F.177.a thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart,^[149] the first group^[150] should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible^[151] and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals^[152] should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha F.177.b has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks F.178.a are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, F.178.b they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[153]

“If later a smaller number of visiting monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, F.179.a where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation F.179.b and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.180.a in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[154]

“If later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation F.180.b until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the second group, once they F.181.a have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks F.181.b will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[155]

“If later a smaller number of visiting monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly F.182.a rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks F.182.b will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and F.183.a the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[156]

“If later a smaller number of resident monks arrive, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach. F.183.b

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ F.184.a but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks F.184.b will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ F.185.a but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[157]

“If later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrive, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible F.185.b and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, F.186.a ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa SūtraF.186.b recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[158]

“If later a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach. F.187.a

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks F.187.b are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have F.188.a departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[159]

“If later a smaller number of resident monks arrive, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, F.188.b in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When F.189.a four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite. F.189.b

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, F.190.a the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[160]

“If later a smaller number of visiting monks arrive, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.190.b they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a smaller number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, F.191.a perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.

“If later an equal number of visiting monks arrives, the second group, once they have sat down in order of seniority, should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation together with the first, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, F.191.b and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, an equal number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.”

An intervening summary:

Going

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[161]

“If later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they F.192.a might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, F.192.b a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[162]

“If later a greater number of visiting monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, F.193.a perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[163]

“If later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When F.193.b four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and F.194.a the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[164]

“If later a greater number of visiting monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ F.194.b but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[165]

“If later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks F.195.a will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation F.195.b until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[166]

“If later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they F.196.a might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[167]

“If later a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives, the F.196.b first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.197.a they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting and resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[168]

“If later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group F.197.b should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of resident monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks F.198.a who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation.^[169]

“If later a greater number of visiting monks arrives, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives before the assembly rises and the monks depart, the first group should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and some monks have departed but while other monks are still there, they should gather the assembly if possible and again, for the sake of the second, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation. If they cannot gather the assembly, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa SūtraF.198.b recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting and resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might not think, ‘There are monks who have not yet arrived,’ but instead, thinking of their duty and thinking the saṅgha was complete, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation until the saṅgha has finished performing The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and the restoration rite.

“If, after that, a greater number of visiting monks arrives after the assembly has risen and the monks have departed, the later arrivals should go to the inner circle, where they should perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.”

An intervening summary:

The Restoration Rite of Professed Purity

“If it is the fifteenth according to the resident monks but the fourteenth or first^[170] according to a smaller number of visiting monks, the visitors should defer to the greater number of residents.^[171]

“If it is the fifteenth according to the resident monks but the fourteenth or first according to an equal number of visiting monks, the visitors should defer to the equal number of residents.^[172]

“If it is the fifteenth according to a smaller group of resident monks but the fourteenth or first according to a greater number of visiting monks, the residents should defer to the greater number of visitors.

“If it is the fifteenth according to the visiting monks but the fourteenth or first according to a smaller number of resident monks, F.199.a the residents should defer to the greater number of visitors.

“If it is the fifteenth according to the visiting monks but the fourteenth or first according to an equal number of resident monks, the visitors should defer to the equal number of residents.

“If it is the fifteenth according to the visiting monks but the fourteenth or first according to a greater number of resident monks, the visitors should defer to the greater number of residents.”

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence,^[173] signs,^[174] or marks^[175] of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff,^[176] cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[177]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.199.b they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord,^[178]F.200.a they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, F.200.b water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, F.201.a they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[179]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, F.201.b perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, F.202.a hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When F.202.b four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[180]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should F.203.a again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, F.203.b oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts. F.204.a

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as another’s begging bowl, robe, staff, cushion, water jug, oil lamp, hat, laced boots, or sandals, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’ F.204.b

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[181]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.205.a is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, F.205.b the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and later a smaller number of visiting monks arrives, F.206.a the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach. B17

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[182]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, F.206.b perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, F.207.a the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, F.207.b the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and an equal number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, F.208.a the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[183]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should F.208.b make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and F.209.a fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of visiting monks arrive, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a greater number of visiting monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more resident monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of visiting monks such as the sound of monk visitors’ staffs, the patter of their feet, the clearing of their throats, or the tone of their voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.209.b it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence,^[184] signs,^[185] or marks^[186] of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[187]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, F.210.a and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.210.b in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, F.211.a it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, F.211.b or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[188]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later an equal number of resident monks arrives F.212.a, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, F.212.b ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as F.213.a the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[189]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks F.213.b are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’ F.214.a

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple F.214.b floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might see evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the temple floor swept and sprinkled with water, its walls coated with a fresh coat of cow dung, seats arranged, and oil lamps burning, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks F.215.a are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[190]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a smaller number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’ F.215.b

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks F.216.a such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and a smaller number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, F.216.b and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them they stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[191]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later F.217.a an equal number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, F.217.b and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks F.218.a are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and an equal number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, F.218.b in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach. B18

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, let those monks who have not yet arrived be absent, let them stay where they are, let them be separate, let them be far away.’^[192]

“If those monks, with divisive aims and divisive preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a grievous fault because of their divisive attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, is it valid or not for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived?’ F.219.a

“If those monks, with unsure aims and unsure preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their unsure attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

If, heedless of duty and thinking of discord, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their attempts at discord.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might F.219.b hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

If those monks, with fabricated aims and fabricated preparations, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, and a greater number of resident monks arrive later, they too should make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach because of their fabricated attempts.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If having sincerely sought but not found any late arrivals, they make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation and later a greater number of resident monks arrives, the earlier group of monks F.220.a should again make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.

“When four or more visiting monks are seated and assembled on the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, they might hear evidence, signs, or marks of resident monks such as the sound of residents’ staffs, the patter of feet, the clearing of throats, the rattle of locks and keys, and the tone of voices, and they might think, ‘If there are monks who have not yet arrived, it is not valid for us to make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation without those monks who have not yet arrived.’

“If, having sincerely sought late arrivals, they find some, the earlier group should sit together with the later, make a motion, perform the restoration rite, and recite The Prātimokṣa Sūtra recitation, in which case the earlier group of monks will not be guilty of a breach.”

An intervening summary:

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site with monks^[193] and go to a site with monks where pure, like-minded monks have settled.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site with monks and go to a site with monks where the monks who have settled there argue, scold, fight, quarrel, or sow division, unless there are dangers^[194] at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site with monks and go to a site with monks F.220.b or a nonsite where pure, like-minded monks have settled.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site with monks and go to a site or a nonsite with monks where the monks who have settled there argue, scold, fight, quarrel, or sow division, unless there are dangers at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site or a nonsite with monks and go to a site or a nonsite with monks where pure, like-minded monks have settled.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site or a nonsite with monks and go to a site or a nonsite with monks where the monks who have settled there argue, scold, fight, quarrel, or sow division, unless there are dangers at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, or a site/nonsite with monks and go to a site without monks where his body and mind will be at ease.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, or a site/nonsite with monks and go to a site without monks, unless there are dangers at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, F.221.a or a site/nonsite with monks and go to a site without monks where his body and mind will be at ease.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, a site/nonsite with monks, or a site without monks and go to a different site without monks unless there are dangers at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, a site/nonsite with monks, a site without monks, or a nonsite without monks and go to a site/nonsite without monks where his body and mind will be at ease.^[195]

“On the fifteenth, the day of the restoration rite, a monk should not leave a site with monks, a nonsite with monks, a site/nonsite with monks, or a site/nonsite with or without monks and go to a site/nonsite without monks, unless there are dangers at the site where he is staying or the entire saṅgha is going there.

“What is a ‘site with monks’? A site where all acts are witnessed.^[196] What is a ‘nonsite with monks’? A site where no acts are witnessed. What is a ‘site/nonsite with monks’? A site where some acts are witnessed while other acts are not. What is a ‘site without monks’? A nuns’ site. What is a ‘nonsite without monks’? A tīrthikas’ site. What is a ‘site/nonsite without monks’? F.221.b An uninhabited site.

“Monks should not perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, or acts by motion and triple resolution in a place where householders are gathered or staying.

“Monks should not perform the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, or acts by motion and triple resolution in a place where those unfit for the training—those who have not professed as ascetics,^[197] those who have undergone castration, persons labeled a paṇḍaka, those who have violated a nun, patricides, matricides, those who have killed an arhat, those who have caused a schism in the saṅgha, those who have maliciously drawn blood from a tathāgata, tīrthikas, members of a tīrthika order, persons living under false pretenses, persons who are outside the common living, and persons who are denied the common living—are gathered or staying.

“Monks will not be guilty of a breach if the restoration rite, the lifting of restrictions, motions, acts by motion and resolution, or acts by motion and triple resolution are performed in a place where all who have gathered and are staying are pure and like-minded.

“They will be guilty of a breach if acts are performed without the complete saṅgha.”